Aids
Morphology –
Shape : Retrovirus/ Spherical Shaped
Genus : Lentovirus
Family : Retroviradae
Gram : Either Negative nor Positive
Test : Periodic acid-Schiff stains
How to test for AIDS
* HIV antibody test
a) Antibody tests are inexpensive and very accurate.
b) The ELISA antibody test (enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent) also known as EIA (enzyme immunoassay) was the first HIV test to be widely used.
Pathology –
Signs and Symptoms
* Diarrhea that lasts for more than a week
* Dry cough
* Memory loss, depression and neurological disorders
* Pneumonia
* Profound, unexplained fatigue
* Rapid weight loss
* Recurring fever or profuse night sweats
* Red, brown, pink or purplish blotches on or under the skin or inside the mouth, nose or eyelids
* Swollen lymph glands in the armpits, groin or neck
* White spots or unusual blemishes on the tongue, in the mouth, or in the throat
Opportunistic Infection
* Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) – vision loss, speech disability then ultimately COMA
* Candidiasis – yeast infection
* Herpes Simplex
* Liver Disease
* Pneumocystis Carini
* Tuberculosis (TB)
Stages
* STAGE 1 : Primary HIV infection
short flu-like illness
* Clinically asymptomatic stage
an average of ten years
free from major symptoms
* STAGE 3 : Symptomatic HIV infection
Over time the immune system...
No comments