9.In what ways did indigenous peoples respond to European incursions and with what results? Use specific examples from at least two different regions to illustrate your points.
IndoChina
· By 1890’s, French establish oppressive colonial system
· In order to fight against colonial system peasants come together and raise up
· Marxist Ho Chi Minh sees their power and with them leads the fight against French colonizers.
· Violent insurrection, guerilla warfare
· Modeled along Confucius views.
· Ho Chi Minh promises presents:
o Education
o Higher wages
o Land reform
· 1941 – Japan invades Vietnam, Vietnamese communists effectively attack invaders, Japans withdraws – Vietnam seen as heroes.
· August 19, 1945 - August Revolution
o Revolutionaries successfully seize power of what will later be made the capitol of independent Vietnam (Hanoi)
· September 2 1945 – Ho Chi Minh proclaims the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
· 1946 – Bombardment of Haiphong – massacres committed by French forces in Hanoi.
· December 9th – 1946: Ho Chi Minh declares war against the French Union – leads to Indochina war
· In 1954, after defeating the French Union, France was forced to give up its empire in Indochina.
South Africa
· 1910 – Union of South Africa (Dutch colonists)
· Racist Dutch allowed to make policies that favored white supremacy
o Black Africans denied all rights
o Forbade workers to strike + be in the military
· 1913 – Native Land Act: 8% of South African land set aside for African use, rest of land left for Africanors which accounted for 20% of the population
o Strict eviction policy
· This oppression led to a rise in colonist aggression ; workers coming together
· 1912 –...
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